Myth: Lance Armstrong never tested positive for drug use.
Fact: Armstrong’s first positive test, for a banned corticosteroid cream, came in 1999. One of his trainers at the time has testified that a physician’s prescription was backdated to provide an excuse, with Armstrong claiming that it was present in a saddle-sore cream.
More recently, reports say the USADA has found performance-enhancing drugs in blood samples taken from Armstrong that were re-tested. WADA tested a 1999 Tour de France “B” sample from Armstrong and found it positive — but the UCI (the international cycling federation) refused to sanction it because their disciplinary rules didn’t allow for retrospective testing.
As the USADA and the UCI attempt to agree on a UCI endorsement of the USADA’s report on doping, one bone of contention is that the report says the cycling federation suppressed the result of a positive test for EPO from the 2001 Tour de Suisse. The UCI denies it. Another disgraced Tour de France winner, former teammate Floyd Landis, has testified that Armstrong told him he “made a financial agreement to keep the test hidden.”
Armstrong repeatedly avoided testing by giving false addresses to doping authorities (making it impossible for them to test him out of competition) or by receiving early warning that he was about to be tested, giving him time to adjust the result.
Armstrong took drugs the testers couldn’t detect with the available science at the time, he dodged the testers, and his doctors figured out ways to fool the tests, especially the tests for EPO.
There was an element of the spy game in Armstrong’s methods of beating the testers. One method, according to the USADA, was to inject a saline solution.
“One of the bolder examples of the use of saline to fool the testers was at the 1998 World Championships when Armstrong’s doctor literally smuggled past a UCI official a litre of saline concealed under his rain coat and administered it to Armstrong to lower his hematocrit right before a blood check.”
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